Gene flow and its sporadic spillover: H10 and N5 avian influenza viruses from wild birds and the H10N5 human cases in China
Available online 18 December 2024
On 30 January 2024, China announced the first human case of H10N5 influenza infection. Prior to this, human cases of H10N7 and H10N8 had been reported. It is now appropriate to re-examine the evolution...
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PB2 627V and HA 217 sites synergistically affect the lethality of H9N2 in mice
Available online 17 December 2024
The H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) continues to propagate and undergo evolution within China, thereby posing a significant threat to the poultry industry. This study encompassed the collection...
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Insights into Recent Advancements in Human and Animal Rotavirus Vaccines: Exploring New Frontiers
Available online 11 December 2024
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries....
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Pandemic preparedness of effective vaccines for the outbreak of newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Available online 30 November 2024
•Analyzed the outbreak situation and viral characteristics of the newly H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus.•The current approval and research and development of the H5N1 HPAI vaccines...
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Rapid preparation and characterization of pan-sarbecovirus mRNA vaccine candidates based on the receptor binding domain
Available online 12 November 2024
•We developed a rapid approach for small-scale mRNA vaccine preparation against pan-sarbecovirus infection.•An mRNA vaccine developed on this platform effectively elicits the production of neutralizing...
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Discovery and characterization of a novel carlavirus in Ligularia jaluensis plants
Available online 12 November 2024
Ligularia jaluensis is an important medicinal and ornamental plant in China. However, the viruses capable of infecting Ligularia jaluensis remains unknown. Here, we identified a novel carlavirus, tentatively...
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The first discovery of severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus in the center of metropolitan Beijing, China
Available online 8 November 2024
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia virus (SFTSV), an emerging tick-borne bandavirus, poses a significant public health threat in rural China. Since 2021, an increase of local cases has been noted in...
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Construction and validation of a mouse model for studying severe human adenovirus infections
Available online 6 November 2024
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are highly contagious pathogens with various genotypes implicated in acute respiratory disease (ARD) and linked to fatality, especially in immunosuppressed patients, young...
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Circulation patterns and molecular characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus among hospitalized children in Tianjin, China, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2017–2022)
October 2024
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main pathogen that causes hospitalization for acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs) in children. With the reopening of communities and schools, the...
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Identification of a novel caspase cleavage motif AEAD
October 2024
Infections of many viruses induce caspase activation to regulate multiple cellular pathways, including programmed cell death, immune signaling and etc. Characterizations of caspase cleavage sites and...
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Antibacterial activity evaluation of a novel K3-specific phage against Acinetobacter baumannii and evidence for receptor-binding domain transfer across morphologies
October 2024
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) poses a serious public health challenge due to its notorious antimicrobial resistance, particularly carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB). In this study, we...
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A bivalent Delta/BA.5 mRNA vaccine elicits broad immune responses against various lineages of SARS-CoV-2 including JN.1
October 2024
•A bivalent Delta/BA.5 mRNA vaccine provides protection against BA.5 in K18-ACE2 mice.•The vaccine protects hamsters from both Delta and BA.5 infections.•The animal immune sera neutralizes various lineages...
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Single-cell RNA-sequencing reveals a profound immune cell response in human cytomegalovirus-infected humanized mice
October 2024
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common herpesvirus that persistently infects a large portion of the world's population. Despite the robust host immune response, HCMV is able to replicate, evade host...
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Antiviral activity of vitamin D derivatives against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in vitro and in vivo
October 2024
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is a tick-borne virus that causes the severe fever thrombocytopenia syndrome, which manifests as fever and haemorrhage, accompanied by severe...
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Trivalent SARS-CoV-2 virus-like particle vaccines exhibit broad-spectrum neutralization and protection against XBB.1 and BA.2.86 variants
October 2024
•RBDs of the WT, BQ.1.1 and XBB.1 variants were genetically fused and displayed on the VLP to create RBDV14 M.•RBDV14 M can induce superior antibody responses against the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2...
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The unique immune evasion mechanisms of the mpox virus and their implication for developing new vaccines and immunotherapies
October 2024
Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. Since 2022, MPXV has posed a significant threat to global public health....
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Rapid diagnosis of a fox's death case using nanopore sequencing reveals the infection with an Artic-like rabies virus
October 2024
•We detected a rabies virus (RABV) in a fox's death case within 6 h upon sample receipt using nanopore direct sequencing.•The virus belongs to AL2 sub-lineage, suggesting a high risk of fox-related...
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The spatiotemporal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in China since the termination of the dynamic zero-COVID policy
October 2024
China's dynamic zero-COVID policy has effectively curbed the spread of SARS-CoV-2, while inadvertently creating immunity gaps within its population. Subsequent surges in COVID-19 cases linked to various...
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A multi-center study on genetic variations in the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus from children with Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in China during 2017–2021
October 2024
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in children under five years of age. Between 2017 and 2021, 396 complete sequences of the...
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Rational design of a DNA-launched live attenuated vaccine against human enterovirus 71
October 2024
Human Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has emerged as one of the predominant causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) with global impact. Despite the inactivated vaccine being licensed, other vaccine...
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A novel vesicular stomatitis virus armed with IL-2 mimic for oncolytic therapy
October 2024
Oncolytic virus (OV) is increasingly being recognized as a novel vector in cancer immunotherapy. Increasing evidence suggests that OV has the ability to change the immune status of tumor microenvironment,...
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Phylogenetic analyses and antigenic characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus PanAsia lineage circulating in China between 1999 and 2023
October 2024
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most important transboundary animal diseases caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), leading to significant economic losses worldwide. The first report...
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Virome-wide analysis of histone modification mimicry motifs carried by viral proteins
October 2024
Histone mimicry (HM) refers to the presence of short linear motifs in viral proteins that mimic critical regions of host histone proteins. These motifs have the potential to interfere with host cell...
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October 2024
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