The rice auxin response factor OsARF12 coordinates ROS scavenging, photosynthetic protection, and Na+/K+ homeostasis under salt stress
December 2025
Salt stress severely limits rice growth and productivity. Auxin signaling has a well-documented role in development, but its role in rice salt stress responses is far from clear. In this study, we identified...
Combining optimized irrigation with reduced N fertilization increases wheat N use efficiency by increasing soil N cycling and plant N uptake
December 2025
With the aim of maximizing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of wheat in the North China Plain by optimizing irrigation and nitrogen application, a field experiment with a split-plot design was conducted....
Biochemical factors of maize silks associated with host susceptibility to Fusarium graminearum
December 2025
Fusarium graminearum is the causal agent of Gibberella ear rot (GER) in maize, a devastating fungal disease leading to yield reduction and contamination of grains with type B trichothecene mycotoxins...
TillerPET: High-throughput in-situ phenotyping of rice tiller number and compactness from post-harvest stubble
December 2025
For fast in-situ assessment of tiller phenotypes in rice breeding, we introduce the TillerPET model, an improved transformer-based deep learning solution that permits phenotyping the number and compactness...
TaJAZ1-mediated transcriptional regulation of starch biosynthesis synergistically enhances resistant starch content and yield in wheat
December 2025
Jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) proteins are key repressors of the jasmonate signaling pathway and are involved in plant stress responses. However, their roles in starch biosynthesis in cereal crops remain...
Foliar nano-molybdenum application mitigates cadmium-induced apoplastic H2O2 burst in rice roots by optimizing the antioxidant system
December 2025
Cadmium (Cd2+) exhibits pronounced phytotoxicity and poses significant risks to human health through bioaccumulation in agricultural products. This study investigates the mitigative effects of foliar-applied...
Comprehensive comparison between structural variants and single-nucleotide polymorphism in genomic selection of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
December 2025
Recent genomic research on plant populations has revealed abundant structural variations (SVs) of > 50 bp within and among genotypes of major crop species, but the application of SVs as a unique type...
Optimizing sowing dates to increase maize yield across the Huanghuaihai Plain in China
December 2025
With the aim of adapting agricultural practices to climate warming, this study projected sowing dates for summer maize in the 2030s (2031–2040) across the Huanghuaihai Plain by analyzing key photo-thermal...
Integrated multi-omics analysis identifies OsMYB48 as a transcriptional repressor of coleoptile elongation in anaerobic rice germination
December 2025
Direct seeding of rice (DS) has been widely adopted due to reduced labor cost and simpler cultivation practices. However, anaerobic flooding conditions reduce seed germination and seedling establishment....
Rice OsMYB9 enhances salt stress tolerance by regulating the vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter
December 2025
Salinity is a major hazard to crop plant growth and significantly reduces grain yield. When subjected to high salinity, plants maintain ion homeostasis through Na+ compartmentalization and exclusion,...
Green manure returning improves wheat yield and N utilization efficiency by minimizing N loss in Oasis irrigation area of China
December 2025
Improving crop yield and N utilization while mitigating environmental pollution is a key goal in sustainable agriculture. Integrating green manure with reduced chemical N application is a promising...
Cultivar difference in rice leaf color change during the later reproductive stage and its relationship with grain filling and nitrogen level
December 2025
To study the relationship between rice leaf color change and grain filling, two indica-japonica hybrids with distinct leaf colors were grown under three N fertilizer dosages (LN, 0 kg ha−1; MN, 150 kg...
faCRSA: An automated pipeline for high-throughput analysis of crop root system architecture
December 2025
Optimizing root system architecture (RSA) is essential for plants because of its critical role in acquiring water and nutrients from the soil. However, the subterranean nature of roots complicates the...
DKP-ADS: Domain knowledge prompt combined with multi-task learning for assessment of foliar disease severity in staple crops
December 2025
Staple crops are the cornerstone of the food supply but are frequently threatened by plant diseases. Effective disease management, including disease identification and severity assessment, helps to...
Biomolecular condensates: Emerging regulatory mechanisms for crop improvement
December 2025
Global climate change seriously threatens food security. To address this challenge, breeders have achieved remarkable results using multiple breeding strategies and technologies. In recent years, the...
Harnessing meiotic crossover control to increase crop breeding efficiency
December 2025
A predictive model of meiotic crossover engineering would increase precision in crop breeding. We review the biological principles underlying crossover formation and chromosomal distribution, hierarchical...
The effect of structural variation of the long arm of rye 6R on its meiotic behavior and the location of a segment with powdery mildew resistance
December 2025
To investigate the effect of structural variation of rye 6RL arms on their meiotic behavior and to locate powdery mildew resistance gene(s), we developed a wheat–rye T6BS.6RLAr translocation chromosome...
Genetic control of cereal kernel texture: Towards a maize model
December 2025
Because cereal kernel texture is a determinant of maize end-use properties, it is desirable to elucidate the genetic control of kernel formation and thereby to optimize maize kernel texture for breeding....
Good things come in pairs: Crop disease resistance from sensor–helper to sensor–executor pairs
December 2025
Rapid elongation of stems during the bolting stage reduces the lodging resistance of late-sown rapeseed
December 2025
In the rice–rapeseed cropping system in the Yangtze River Basin, late rapeseed sowing increases lodging. To identify the mechanisms of reduced lodging resistance, a two-year field experiment compared...
Identification of a major QTL and its candidate genes controlling stem strength in soybean via QTL mapping and GWAS
December 2025
Stem strength is an important indicator of lodging that significantly influences yield and quality in soybean. Therefore, understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying stem strength is critical...
The transcription factor ZmNLP5 increases maize grain yield by regulating nitrogen assimilation genes
December 2025
Nitrogen (N) is crucial for maize (Zea mays L.) growth, development and yield. Dysfunction of the maize NIN-like protein 5 (ZmNLP5) reduces N assimilation, but the precise mechanism by which ZmNLP5...
tae-miR9668 negatively regulates TaRPM1-1A to enhance salt tolerance in wheat
December 2025
Soil salinity severely affects wheat (Triticum aestivum) yield and quality. Identifying salt-tolerance genes and elucidating their mechanisms are essential for improving salt tolerance in this crop....
A near-complete genome assembly for northern wild rice (Zizania palustris L.)
December 2025
Northern wild rice (NWR; Zizania palustris L.), an annual aquatic plant in the Poaceae family, has high economic importance due to its nutrient-rich grains. However, the existing NWR genome assembly...
Salvia miltiorrhiza-derived carbon dots confer resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus L.
December 2025
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a fungus that causes a devastating fungal disease of rapeseed (Brassica napus), causes significant yield losses globally. Carbon dots (CDs), a class of carbon-based nanomaterials,...