The mitochondria chronicles of melatonin and ATP: Guardians of phase separation
2024
Phase separation is a thermodynamic process used by all living organisms since the origin of life to rapidly assemble and disassemble membraneless condensates in response to changes in exogenous and...
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The metabolism and function of phospholipids in Mitochondria
2023
Mitochondria are important organelles of eukaryotic cells and involved in a variety of cellular processes including oxidative phosphorylation for generating ATP, apoptosis, steroid synthesis, and signal...
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Innovative methods for isolating highly purified mitochondria essential for biomedical studies
2024
Mitochondria, being multifunctional and highly complex organelles, possess unique structures and exhibit heterogeneity. In recent decades, the isolation and purification of functional mitochondria have...
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Photobleaching and phototoxicity of mitochondria in live cell fluorescent super-resolution microscopy
2024
Photobleaching and phototoxicity can induce detrimental effects on cell viability and compromise the integrity of collected data, particularly in studies utilizing super-resolution microscopes. Given...
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A protocol for detecting the cytoplasm-exposed mitochondrial DNA
2024
Mitochondria, being semi-autonomous organelles, possess a double membrane structure and harbor their own DNA, known as mtDNA. In situations of stress, mtDNA is released from the mitochondrial membrane...
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Antioxidants targeting mitochondria function in kidney diseases
2024
Kidney diseases are a growing health problem worldwide, causing millions of deaths. Acute kidney injury (AKI) commonly evolves into chronic kidney disease (CKD) and fibrosis, which is a feature of CKD...
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Mitochondrial calcium transport during autophagy initiation
2024
While it has been shown that Ca2+ dynamics at the ER membrane is essential for the initiation of certain types of autophagy such as starvation-induced autophagy, how mitochondrial Ca2+ transport changes...
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Structural determinants of mitochondrial STAT3 targeting and function
2024
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 has been found within mitochondria in addition to its canonical role of shuttling between cytoplasm and nucleus during cytokine signaling. Mitochondrial...
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Single-cell mitochondrial DNA sequencing: Methodologies and applications
2024
Mitochondria play a pivotal role in cellular energetics, metabolism, and various regulatory processes. Their dysregulation is implicated in numerous diseases. Traditional population-level mitochondrial...
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Tissue-specific knockdown of OMM protein via GFP nanobody-mediated degradation
2024
Mitochondria, with their diverse morphologies across tissues, hint at a unique function based on location. For instance, outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) proteins are critical for various mitochondrial...
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Mitochondrial lipid metabolism in metastatic breast cancer
2024
The significance of mitochondrial lipid metabolism in cancer stemness, survival, and proliferation, particularly in the context of metastasis, has garnered significant attention. Warburg's hypothesis...
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Lipid transfer at mitochondrial membrane contact sites
2024
Mitochondria are semiautonomous organelles that are actively shaped into an extended reticular network that is not connected to the endomembrane system via vesicular transport. Instead, active lipid...
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Correcting abnormal mitochondrial dynamics to facilitate tumor treatment
2023
Mitochondrial dynamics are closely related to various cellular physiological activities, including cell proliferation, homeostasis, and cell migration, and are regulated by a variety of enzymes, proteins...
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Role of TFEB and TFE3 in mediating lysosomal and mitochondrial adaptations to contractile activity in skeletal muscle myotubes
2023
Exercise is potent stimulus for mitochondrial adaptations, serving to activate mitochondrial biogenesis as well as mitochondrial turnover. Through the process of mitophagy, dysfunctional mitochondria...
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Is localized chemiosmosis necessary in mitochondria? Is Lee's TELP protonic capacitor hypothesis a reasonable model?
2024
Recent high-resolution pH measurements in mitochondria show ΔpH across the F1F0 ATP synthase to be quite low, 0.07–0.32. Our meta-analysis of published values of transmembrane potential (Δψ) shows it...
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Defective biogenesis of human mitochondrial ribosomes causes sensorineural deafness
2024
Thirteen proteins of oxidative phosphorylation complexes encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were synthesized by own specific ribosomes (mitoribosomes). Mitoribosomes composed of nucleus-encoding proteins...
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Structure-destabilizing mutations unleash an intrinsic perforation activity of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 in the mitochondrial membrane enabling apoptotic cell death
2023
Bcl-2 and Bax share a similar structural fold in solution, yet function oppositely in the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) during apoptosis. The proapoptotic Bax forms pores in the MOM to trigger...
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A brief introduction to the history of mitochondrial research in Japan
2023
The Japanese Society for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine (J-mit) has a 21-year history in 2022, with its predecessor society holding its first meeting in 2001. During this time, the society, which...
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OPA1-Exon4b modulates the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by ATP regulation
2023
Optic Atrophy 1 (OPA1), a mitochondrial inner protein, is involved in both mitochondrial fusion dynamic and cell apoptosis. OPA1 Exon4b (OPA1-Exon4b) was reported to be downregulated in hepatocellular...
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TELP theory: Elucidating the major observations of Rieger et al. 2021 in mitochondria
2023
The transmembrane-electrostatically localized protons (TELP) theory may represent a complementary development to Mitchell's chemiosmotic theory. The combination of the two together can now excellently...
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