State of China's climate in 2023
September 2024
China witnessed a warm and dry climate in 2023. The annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71°C, with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since 1961. Meanwhile, the annual...
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Deep learning in extracting tropical cyclone intensity and wind radius information from satellite infrared images—A review
July 2023
Tropical cyclones (TCs) seriously endanger human life and the safety of property. Real-time monitoring of TCs has been one of the focal points in meteorological studies. With the development of space...
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Climatic drivers of the Canadian wildfire episode in 2023
July 2024
Extreme wildfires broke out in Canada from May 2023 and persisted four months. Tremendous fire emissions posed significant impacts on the air quality in both local and downwind regions. Here, the authors...
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Assessment of global meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought under future warming based on CMIP6
January 2022
Quantifying the changes and propagation of drought is of great importance for regional eco-environmental safety and water-related disaster management under global warming. In this study, phase 6 of...
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U-Net: A deep-learning method for improving summer precipitation forecasts in China
July 2023
A deep-learning method named U-Net was applied to improve the skill in forecasting summer (June–August) precipitation for at a one-month lead during the period 1981–2020 in China. The variables of geopotential...
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State of China's climate in 2022
November 2023
China experienced a warm and dry climate in 2022. The average annual surface air temperature (SAT) was 10.51°C, which was the second highest since 1961. The annual average rainfall was 606.1 mm, which...
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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years
Available online 13 April 2024
Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers (mill.km2). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012,...
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Progress and future prospects of decadal prediction and data assimilation: A review
January 2024
Decadal prediction, also known as “near-term climate prediction”, aims to forecast climate changes in the next 1–10 years and is a new focus in the fields of climate prediction and climate change research....
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Predicting climate anomalies: A real challenge
January 2022
In recent decades, the damage and economic losses caused by climate change and extreme climate events have been increasing rapidly. Although scientists all over the world have made great efforts to...
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The ocean response to climate change guides both adaptation and mitigation efforts
July 2022
The ocean's thermal inertia is a major contributor to irreversible ocean changes exceeding time scales that matter to human society. This fact is a challenge to societies as they prepare for the consequences...
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Heat waves in summer 2022 and increasing concern regarding heat waves in general
January 2023
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Variation in the permafrost active layer over the Tibetan Plateau during 1980–2020
September 2024
The active layer, acting as an intermediary of water and heat exchange between permafrost and atmosphere, greatly influences biogeochemical cycles in permafrost areas and is notably sensitive to climate...
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Future changes in precipitation and water availability over the Tibetan Plateau projected by CMIP6 models constrained by climate sensitivity
September 2024
Precipitation projections over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) show diversity among existing studies, partly due to model uncertainty. How to develop a reliable projection remains inconclusive. Here, based...
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Insights from the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition: Unveiling the westerly–monsoon synergy and hydroclimate changes
September 2024
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More extreme-heat occurrences related to humidity in China
September 2023
The co-occurrence of day and night compound heat extremes has attracted much attention because of the amplified socioeconomic and human health impacts. Based on ERA5 hourly reanalysis data, this study...
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3D DBSCAN detection and parameter sensitivity of the 2022 Yangtze river summertime heatwave and drought
July 2023
Spatially and temporally accurate event detection is a precondition for exploring the mechanisms of climate extremes. To achieve this, a classical unsupervised machine learning method, the DBSCAN (Density-Based...
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Clarifying the relationship between PM2.5 and ozone complex pollution and synoptic patterns in a typical petrochemical city in the Bohai Rim region of China: Implications for air pollution forecasting and control
November 2024
Meteorological conditions are vital to PM2.5 and ozone (O3) complex pollution. Herein, the T-mode principal component analysis method was employed to objectively classify the 925-hPa geopotential height...
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Comparative study on the performance of ConvLSTM and ConvGRU in classification problems—taking early warning of short-duration heavy rainfall as an example
July 2024
Convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) and convolutional gated recurrent unit (ConvGRU) are two widely adopted deep learning models that combine recurrent mechanisms with convolutional operations...
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Climate state of the Three Gorges Region in the Yangtze River basin in 2022–2023
September 2024
Based on daily observation data of the Three Gorges Region (TGR) of the Yangtze River basin and global reanalysis data, the climate characteristics, climate events, and meteorological disasters of the...
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Ascending phase of solar cycle 25 tilts the current El Niño–Southern oscillation transition
January 2024
A La Niña condition in the equatorial Pacific began in the early summer of 2020 and has lasted more than two and a half years (referred to as the 2020 La Niña hereafter). Predicting its temporal evolution...
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Significant contributions of the petroleum industry to volatile organic compounds and ozone pollution: Insights from year-long observations in the Yellow River Delta
November 2024
The petroleum industry is a significant source of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), but up to now, its exact impact on urban VOCs and ozone (O3) remains unclear. This study conducted...
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GF-4 high-resolution texture and FY-4A multispectral data fusion: Two case studies for enhancing early convective cloud detection
Available online 1 September 2024
Early detection of convective clouds is vital for minimizing hazardous impacts. Forecasting convective initiation (CI) using current multispectral geostationary meteorological satellites is often challenged...
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Statistical seasonal forecasting of tropical cyclone landfalls on Taiwan Island
Available online 19 September 2024
Forecasting tropical cyclone (TC) activities has been a topic of great interest and research. Taiwan Island (TW) is one of the key regions that is highly exposed to TCs originated from the western North...
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Enhanced atmospheric phosphorus deposition in Asia and Europe in the past two decades
September 2021
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Interdecadal variability of summer precipitation in the Three River Source Region: Influences of SST and zonal shifts of the East Asian subtropical westerly jet
September 2024
Summer precipitation in the Three Rivers Source Region (TRSR) of China is vital for the headwaters of the Yellow, Yangtze, and Lancang rivers and exhibits significant interdecadal variability. This...
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