#AI reads Urine #Urine Metabolites as Indicators of Chronic Pain

This study investigated the relationship between urine metabolites and chronic pain in 169 active-duty service members. Self-reported data and urine samples were collected. Four pain-related metabolites in urine were analyzed, and their associations with 11 self-reported outcomes, such as fatigue and anxiety, were examined using multivariable linear regression models, adjusting for factors like age and sex. The results showed that a composite urine metabolite pain indicator was significantly associated with five self-reported measures. Individual metabolite analyses also supported these findings, with kynurenic acid and ethylmalonic acid showing relatively strong associations. However, the study had limitations like a small sample size. Overall, urine metabolites show potential as biomarkers for chronic pain assessment, but further research is needed.

Nurs Res. 2025 Apr 15. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000827.

Youhe Gao

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For earlier AI Reads Urine articles：https://www.keaipublishing.com/en/journals/advances-in-biomarker-sciences-and-technology/ai-reads-urine/