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ISSN: 2468-5011

A single oral supplementation of nicotinamide within the daily tolerable upper level increases blood NAD+ levels in healthy subjects

A decrease in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels is a hallmark of aging in multiple species, including humans. Our previous clinical trial showed that supplementation of 200 mg nicotinamide,...

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Therapeutic potential of boosting NAD+ in aging and age-related diseases

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor in all living cells that is involved in fundamental biological processes. NAD+ depletion has been associated with hallmarks of aging...

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Amino acids in the regulation of aging and aging-related diseases

Amino acids are the building blocks of protein, but also play important cellular signaling roles. The mechanisms through which altered levels of many amino acids are sensed and the signals transmitted...

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Transcription errors in aging and disease

Accurate transcription is required for the faithful expression of genetic information. However, little is known about the fidelity of RNA synthesis or the biological consequences of transcription errors...

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The microbiome: An emerging key player in aging and longevity

Revolutionary advancements of high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic tools have provided new insights to microbiome function, including a bidirectional relationship between the microbiome and host...

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Drosophila melanogaster as a model system in the study of pharmacological interventions in aging

Drosophila melanogaster has been used as a model system in biological studies for a long time, and those studies have contributed to elucidating the principal mechanisms of life and aging. The notable...

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Mechanistic insights of the anti-ageing dietary plant secondary metabolites vis-à-vis the modern hallmarks of ageing: Implications for developing novel anti-ageing foods

Plant secondary metabolites (PSM) including polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenes are diverse dietary influencers of human health that are also emerging as potent longevity modulators. However, the mechanistic...

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Senescence in aging and disorders of the central nervous system

Aging can be defined as the natural process of accumulating time during the life of an organism. Advancing age correlates with tissue dysfunction, including frailty, malignancies, immobility, and cognitive...

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The regulation of healthspan and lifespan by dietary amino acids

As a key macronutrient and source of essential macromolecules, dietary protein plays a significant role in health. For many years, protein-rich diets have been recommended as healthy due to the satiety-inducing...

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Genome instability and aging: Cause or effect?

Genome instability, i.e., the tendency of the genome to undergo alterations in DNA information content through mutation, is considered a hallmark of aging. While mutations can be analyzed in clonal...

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Tuning up an aged clock: Circadian clock regulation in metabolism and aging

Circadian rhythms provide temporal variation of a broad range of behavioral and physiological functions, which is precisely controlled by the internal molecular gear, the circadian clock. However, circadian...

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A nonrandomized study of single oral supplementation within the daily tolerable upper level of nicotinamide affects blood nicotinamide and NAD+ levels in healthy subjects

A decrease in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels is a hallmark of aging in multiple organisms, including humans. We report a human clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy of single-dose...

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Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system for studying aging-associated neurodegenerative diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a heterogeneous group of aging-associated disorders characterized by the disruption of cellular proteostasis machinery and the misfolding of distinct protein species...

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The efficacy and tolerability of intermittent prandial acarbose to reduce glucose spikes in healthy individuals

Acarbose is an α-glucosidase inhibitor that slows the digestion of carbohydrates and can prevent sharp increases in blood sugar levels after meals (spikes). Excessive postprandial blood glucose spikes...

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A chronic low dosage of taurine induces muscle weakness in castrated-aged mice

Taurine is an abundant metabolite associated with regulation of cell volume. Several signaling pathways are stimulated at a micromolar concentrations of taurine. However, most of the experimental studies...

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Recent developments in the role of DNA damage response and understanding its implications for new therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer's disease

The underlying molecular mechanisms associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease, are not yet fully understood. Adult neurons are post-mitotic cells that...

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An updated landscape of cellular senescence heterogeneity: Mechanisms, technologies and senotherapies

Chronic aging represents the leading risk factor for the vast majority of age-related diseases, which together contribute to increased morbidities and elevated mortalities in late life. Senescent cells...

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Hypothesis: Plant stem cells hold the key to extreme longevity

Theories of ageing explain how multicellular organisms age by means of an immortal germ line and a perishable soma, whereby accumulated damage is preferentially distributed to the soma. Plants do not...

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Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy and emerging therapeutics

Genetic mitochondrial cardiomyopathy (MCM) is a myocardial condition characterized by abnormal cardiac structure and function secondary to genetic defects. Severity can vary from asymptomatic to severe...

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Targeting senescent cell clearance: An approach to delay aging and age-associated disorders

Cellular senescence is the occurrence of irreversible cell cycle arrest resulting from accumulated DNA damage and the loss of proteostasis over time. Senescent cells contribute to age-related diseases...

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Alcohol and aging: From epidemiology to mechanism

Alcohol is one of the most widely encountered drugs in the world and is credited with a wealth of health interactions. Light to moderate regular consumption (14–28 g daily) can promote heart health,...

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Proteostasis defects: Medicinal challenges of imperfect aging & neurodegeneration

A prolonged healthy life is based on the optimal activity of an organism’s organ systems, and healthy cells are at the core of this proper functioning. Cellular homeostasis is of utmost importance,...

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Longevity control by the nervous system: Sensory perception, stress response and beyond

Life span is regulated by genetic mechanisms as well as environmental or physiological factors. Neurons detect sensory cues from the environment and internal signals generated within the animal, and...

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RTB101 and immune function in the elderly: Interpreting an unsuccessful clinical trial

The biopharmaceutical company resTORbio, Inc. Recently announced termination of a phase 3 clinical trial evaluating the ability of the drug RTB101 to improve immune function in the elderly. The company...

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Role of the endoplasmic reticulum in mechanisms of aging and formation of senescent cells

The role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in aging processes has not attracted much attention of researchers, while this structure plays one of the central roles in the processes of intracellular synthesis....

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