Efficient production of astaxanthin in Yarrowia lipolytica through metabolic and enzyme engineering
September 2025
Astaxanthin is a natural red carotenoid, commonly used as an additive in the pharmaceutical industry and as a nutritional supplement owing to its notable antioxidant benefits. However, a complex biosynthetic...
Engineering Rubisco to enhance CO2 utilization
March 2024
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) is a pivotal enzyme that mediates the fixation of CO2. As the most abundant protein on earth, Rubisco has a significant impact on global carbon,...
Multi-gene Co-expression systems in E. coli: From single-vector designs to programmable expression platforms
June 2026
Escherichia coli (E. coli) has long served as a versatile workhorse for recombinant protein production. As synthetic biology expands the demand for coordinated expression of multiple genes, co-expression...
Defense-associated reverse transcriptases define an emerging class of noncanonical DNA-writing systems
December 2026
Defense-associated reverse transcriptases (DRTs) are emerging as a mechanistically diverse class of bacterial antiviral enzymes. Rather than acting simply as RNA-to-DNA copying proteins, they generate...
Engineering a heme-dependent tryptophan hydroxylase pathway in E. coli for enhanced melatonin production
December 2026
Melatonin is a high-value bioactive indoleamine broadly applied in the pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical industries, yet its microbial production remains constrained by pathway complexity and low...
Advances in engineering and applications of synthetic phase-separated membraneless organelles in biotechnology
September 2026
Membraneless organelles (MLOs) formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) constitute crucial dynamic microenvironments within cells, capable of selectively concentrating specific molecules...
Systematic metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for high-level production of pseudouridine via pathway optimization and precursor enhancement
December 2026
Pseudouridine, the C5-ribose epimer of uridine with significant biological functions and clinical applications, was efficiently produced through systematic metabolic strategy of Escherichia coli in...
Systems metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for efficient l-tryptophan production
June 2025
Corynebacterium glutamicum is a versatile industrial microorganism for producing various amino acids. However, there have been no reports of well-defined C. glutamicum strains capable of hyperproducing...
Efficient whole-cell biotransformation for gastrodin production via glycosyltransferase engineering and process optimization
December 2026
Gastrodin is a naturally occurring phenolic glycoside derived from Gastrodia elata, which is widely used as an edible medicinal plant in functional foods and dietary supplements in East Asia. Owing...
DNA storage: The future direction for medical cold data storage
June 2025
DNA storage, characterized by its durability, data density, and cost-effectiveness, is a promising solution for managing the increasing data volumes in healthcare....
Synergistic engineering of monoterpenoid synthase and metabolic pathways to enhance α-terpineol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
December 2026
Plant-derived monoterpenoid α-terpineol has gained significant attention due to its versatile applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Microbial biosynthesis offers an environmentally...
Shikimate crosstalk enables record-level homogentisic acid production in Yarrowia lipolytica
December 2026
Homogentisic acid (HGA; 2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) is an aromatic compound with diverse applications in pharmaceuticals, food, and functional materials. Industrial HGA production still relies mainly...
Engineering genetic elements for microbial protein expression systems: Advances, challenges, applications, and prospects
March 2026
The rising global demand for sustainable protein sources poses critical challenges across food, pharmaceutical, and industrial biotechnology sectors. Microbial expression systems provide scalable and...
Eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis: Chassis diversification, system engineering, and emerging applications
December 2026
The eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system, endowed with intrinsic post-translational modification capabilities and a complex molecular chaperone network, efficiently synthesizes functional...
Metabolic engineering and adaptive laboratory evolution enhance squalene production in Yarrowia lipolytica
September 2026
Squalene, a multifunctional natural compound with diverse bioactivities, has significant potential in the nutraceutical and health industries. Microbial synthesis using engineered cell factories represents...
A systematic discussion and comparison of the construction methods of synthetic microbial community
December 2024
Synthetic microbial community has widely concerned in the fields of agriculture, food and environment over the past few years. However, there is little consensus on the method to synthetic microbial...
High-level production of vitamin K2 in Escherichia coli via modular molecular engineering
June 2026
Menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a key form of vitamin K2 with wide-ranging nutritional and pharmaceutical applications, has attracted increasing interest for microbial production. Here, we developed an integrated...
Functions and optimization of soft law in the international governance of synthetic biology: The predicament of hard law vs. the rise of soft law
June 2026
Synthetic biology, as an emerging field that integrates life sciences and engineering technology, is driving profound transformations in global science, ethics, and legal systems. In international legal...
iFLinkC-EZ: A scalable and automatable method for the assembly of complex fusion proteins and multi-gene expression constructs based on the iFLinkC framework
December 2026
Standardized methods for the assembly of DNA constructs have become indispensable in synthetic biology, biotechnology and basic research. The majority of frameworks—most prominently based on Golden...
Development of mycelium-reinforced dialdehyde cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol composites for emerging high-performance sustainable materials
September 2026
Dialdehyde cellulose (DAC), featuring reactive carbonyl groups introduced via oxidation of hemp-derived cellulose fibers (confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy), was synthesized to promote strong hydrogen...
Synergistic engineering PETase reveals loop-region mutations for enhanced catalytic activity and thermal stability
March 2026
Biodegradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) offer a strategic avenue for addressing the global plastic pollution crisis. However, the degradation performance of PET hydrolases remains a technological...
Functional customization of peptide linkers in fusion proteins through multimodal deep learning approach
September 2026
Peptide linkers are critical modulators of function in fusion proteins, a foundational technology in modern bioengineering. However, the rational customization of linkers for specific applications remains...
OmniEdit: A unified CRISPR/Cas9 platform for precise genome engineering and strain optimization of the Cordyceps militaris cell factory
December 2026
Cordyceps militaris serves as a critical microbial cell factory for high-value bioactive compounds; however, the scarcity of versatile and sophisticated genome-editing toolsets significantly restricts...
Ergothioneine biosynthesis: The present state and future prospect
March 2025
Ergothioneine (ERG), a rare natural thio-histidine derivative with potent antioxidant properties and diverse biological functions, is widely utilized in food processing, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals,...
Two-step bioconversion of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate from pyridoxine through cofactor regeneration and pyridoxine 5′-phosphate oxidase evolution
December 2026
Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP), a vital cofactor in cellular metabolism, is a high-value compound widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the efficient biosynthesis of PLP remains...
