Stabilizer selection and formulation strategies for enhanced stability of single base nitrocellulose propellants: A review
March 2024
Stabilizers play a crucial role in preventing undesirable decomposition and degradation reactions of propellants, thus ensuring their long-term performance and safe storage. This review highlights recent...
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Chemical reaction mechanisms and models of energetic materials: A perspective
March 2025
Energetic materials (EMs) are a kind of metastable functional materials with certain potential barriers, overcoming which can quickly release the energy stored in EMs. A thorough understanding of reaction...
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Ageing studies on AP/HTPB based composites solid propellants
June 2021
Components of solid rocket motor that are susceptible to ageing are propellant, insulator, inhibitor, interfaces, igniter system, and seals. Seals, insulator, ignition systems are replaceable but the...
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Advancements in methodologies and techniques for the synthesis of energetic materials: A review
June 2024
Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in methodologies and techniques for the synthesis of energetic materials, which are expected to shape future manufacturing and applications. Techniques...
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Machine learning-guided property prediction of energetic materials: Recent advances, challenges, and perspectives
September 2022
Predicting chemical properties is one of the most important applications of machine learning. In recent years, the prediction of the properties of energetic materials using machine learning has been...
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A high density and low sensitivity carrier explosive promising to replace TNT: 3-Bromo-5-fluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole
June 2024
To address the issues of high saturated vapor pressure, high toxicity, and high viscosity of TNT, this article used a chemical method to synthesize a new carrier explosive BFTNAN. The prepared samples...
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Successful development of HAN based green propellant
September 2021
Research and development of Hydroxyl Ammonium Nitrate based liquid propellant; SHP-163 is reviewed. Starting from the composition selection of the propellant to the development of 1 N thruster of Green...
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Machine learning-assisted quantitative prediction of thermal decomposition temperatures of energetic materials and their thermal stability analysis
December 2024
In this study, machine learning (ML)-assisted regression modeling was conducted to predict the thermal decomposition temperatures and explore the factors that correlate with the thermal stability of...
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Three-dimensional printing of energetic materials: A review
June 2022
Additive manufacturing technology or three-dimensional (3D) printing has been applied in many manufacture fields. The combination of 3D printing and conventional energetic material fields can create...
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Technologies for room-temperature self-healing polymer materials and their applications in energetic materials
June 2024
Energetic materials are the energy materials used by weaponry to accomplish launch, propulsion, and destruction. However, during manufacture, storage and use, they may be damaged and form microcracks...
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On-site trace detection of explosives: From ultra-sensitive SERS to integrated detection technology
March 2025
In light of escalating global tensions and the persistent frequency of terrorist incidents, explosives have caused unpredictable serious environmental problems in the worldwide. The imperative for rapid,...
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Review on the laser-induced performance of photothermal materials for ignition application
September 2021
Laser ignition has been widely studied, and is regarded as a potential initiation technique in pyrotechnics owing to its simple ignition sequence, good safety, high ignition consistency, and strong...
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Polymeric nitrogen: A review of experimental synthesis method, structure properties and lattice dynamic characterization from large scientific facilities and extreme spectroscopy perspectives
September 2023
Single-bonded polymeric nitrogen (PN) synthesized under high pressure was highly delivered for its valuable application prospects on high-energy-density materials (HEDM) and profound effects for understanding...
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Nitrogen-rich tetracyclic-based heterocyclic energetic materials
June 2023
This review provides numerous studies on nitrogen-rich tetracyclic-based heterocyclic energetic materials including oxadiazole, tetrazole, triazole, pyrazole, imidazole and tetrazine. The article mainly...
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Review of the phonon calculations for energetic crystals and their applications
June 2021
The phonon is one of the most important elementary excitation in solid system, as a gene related to the thermal properties and chemical stability of energetic materials. This paper reviews the molecular...
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A hybrid of tetrazolium and pentazolate: An energetic salt with ultrahigh nitrogen content and energy
June 2023
As a full nitrogen energetic anion, pentazolate (cyclo-N5ˉ) holds great promise in the fields of propellants and explosives. Nowadays, nonmetallic pentazolate salts have received extensive attention...
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EM Database v1.0: A benchmark informatics platform for data-driven discovery of energetic materials
December 2024
Large-scale data demonstrates great significance for the discovery of novel energetic materials (EMs). However, the open-source databases of EMs are not readily available. In pursuit of high-performance...
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Atomic force microscopy in energetic materials research: A review
December 2022
Modern trends in the development of energetic materials include the various methods of particle surface modification and the widespread use of nanosized powders. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a useful,...
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Solubility behaviour of CL-20 and HMX in organic solvents and solvates of CL-20
March 2021
2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazoctane (HMX) are promising cocrystal coformers, but only little solubility data are available....
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Recent advances on the crystallization engineering of energetic materials
December 2020
The safety properties and desirable detonation performance of energetic materials (EMs) are mutually exclusive, therefore, various strategies including the coating, doping, crystallization, and co-crystallization,...
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A review of quantum chemical methods for treating energetic molecules
December 2021
As a necessary tool for understanding, prediction, and design (especially on a microscopic scale), Quantum chemical (QC) methods have a profound impact on the field of energetic materials (EMs). This...
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Standardizing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermal decomposition temperatures at various heating rates of an energetic material as a threshold one
Available online 29 June 2024
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test is capable of providing comprehensive data of peak temperature (Tp, K) and onset temperature (To, K) at various heating rates (β) and widely applied in the...
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A new nitrate-based energetic molecular perovskite as a modern edition of black powder
September 2022
In recent years, energetic molecular perovskites, which serve as an energetic material design platform, have shown potential for designing primary and secondary explosives. To explore their potential...
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Electrochemical nitration to synthesize 1,3,4- trinitropyrazole
Available online 10 January 2025
To explore a sustainable nitration method for energetic materials, thereby mitigating the risks associated with the use of strong acids and oxidants typically employed in conventional synthesis. The...
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Advancing thermal stability through positional pyrazole isomerization: Synthesis and characterization of 2’-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1H,2’H-5,5’-bistetrazole and its energetic derivatives
Available online 6 January 2025
The development of energetic compounds with superior comprehensive properties remains a central focus in energetic materials research. By employing positional pyrazole isomerization, we have successfully...
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