Compound extreme events and health risks in China: A review
September 2025
Against the backdrop of global warming, China has been facing increasingly frequent and severe extreme weather and climate events, with a prominent risk of compound extreme events induced by interactions...
Unveiling remote and local drivers for the interdecadal shift of European hot days
Available online 24 October 2025
The accelerated warming in Europe leaves this region especially vulnerable to severe heatwaves. Previous investigations on heatwaves have focused predominantly on long-term trends, interannual variability,...
Surface flux–induced salinity change and its effects on ocean stratification in response to global warming
January 2026
Global warming induced by increased CO2 has caused marked changes in the ocean. Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity, largely attributable...
Interannual modulation of summer precipitation over North China by the coupled tropical Pacific–Atlantic SST Dipole Mode
January 2026
Using multi-source reanalysis data, this study examines the relationship between the tropical Pacific–Atlantic SST Dipole Mode (TPA-DM) and summer precipitation in North China (NCSP) on the interannual...
State of China’s climate in 2024
September 2025
The year 2024 witnessed remarkable climatic anomalies across China, characterized by pronounced warm and wet conditions. The annual mean temperature soared to a record high since 1951, with seasonal...
The ocean response to climate change guides both adaptation and mitigation efforts
July 2022
The ocean's thermal inertia is a major contributor to irreversible ocean changes exceeding time scales that matter to human society. This fact is a challenge to societies as they prepare for the consequences...
Impact of Saharan dust on landfalling North Atlantic tropical cyclones over North America in September
January 2023
Using reanalysis data and model simulations, this study reveals an increase in September landfalling North Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) during years that have a strengthened Saharan dust plume,...
Perspectives and challenges on the interaction between tropical cyclone precipitation and the ocean: A review
March 2025
Tropical cyclone–induced heavy precipitation (TCP) can have a detrimental impact on human productivity, causing significant economic losses and even human casualties in coastal countries every year....
Heatwaves induce blood pressure elevations in elderly hypertensive populations: Evidence from a panel study
Available online 4 December 2025
Climate change has intensified extreme heat events, increasing cardiovascular risk, especially among older individuals with hypertension, due to compromised thermoregulation and vascular function. This...
Nowcasting of cloud-to-ground lightning location and frequency based on a deep learning technique
Available online 20 February 2025
Predicting lightning that can cause power grid trips is significant for disaster prevention. This paper integrates cloud-to-ground lightning detection, water vapor and infrared channel as well as channel...
Observed decadal shifts and trends in global tropical cyclone activities from 1980 to 2021
March 2023
This study investigates the variability of annual tropical cyclone (TC) frequency and intensity over six major ocean basins from 1980 to 2021. Statistical change-point and trend analyses were performed...
Deep learning in extracting tropical cyclone intensity and wind radius information from satellite infrared images—A review
July 2023
Tropical cyclones (TCs) seriously endanger human life and the safety of property. Real-time monitoring of TCs has been one of the focal points in meteorological studies. With the development of space...
The extreme windstorm of April 2025 in northern and central-eastern China: Historical ranking and synoptic origins
November 2025
In mid-April 2025, northern and central-eastern China experienced a catastrophic compound disaster marked by Beaufort 8 or greater wind gusts affecting ∼3.5 × 106 km2, exposing ∼610 million residents...
A dual-weighted loss function for lightning nowcasting
Available online 10 January 2026
Lightning associated with severe convective weather poses a significant threat to public safety and infrastructure. While traditional numerical weather prediction and statistical methods have limitations...
3D DBSCAN detection and parameter sensitivity of the 2022 Yangtze river summertime heatwave and drought
July 2023
Spatially and temporally accurate event detection is a precondition for exploring the mechanisms of climate extremes. To achieve this, a classical unsupervised machine learning method, the DBSCAN (Density-Based...
Different effects of eastern and central Pacific El Niño events on the surface shortwave radiation over southern China in winter
January 2026
This study investigates the distinct impacts of eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) El Niño events on winter shortwave solar radiation (SSR) in southern China, revealing different spatial...
An effective deep-learning prediction of Arctic sea-ice concentration based on the U-Net model
January 2026
Current shipping, tourism, and resource development requirements call for more accurate predictions of the Arctic sea-ice concentration (SIC). However, due to the complex physical processes involved,...
Historical and future climate changes impact global solar photovoltaic power potential: Role of key meteorological variables
November 2025
Renewable energy, especially solar power, is vital for mitigating global warming, while climate change also impacts solar photovoltaic potential (PVpot). This study analyzes historical (1985–2014) and...
State of China's climate in 2023
September 2024
China witnessed a warm and dry climate in 2023. The annual surface air temperature reached a new high of 10.71°C, with the hottest autumn and the second hottest summer since 1961. Meanwhile, the annual...
Exploring typhoon prediction and convective bursts through integration of a numerical model after vortex initialization with AI weather forecasting
March 2026
Typhoon Bebinca in 2024 experienced a nearshore outbreak (a rapid intensification (RI) near the coast), making accurate forecasting of unpredictable tracks and intensities highly challenging. The AI...
Computational uncertainty and optimal grid size and time step of the Lax–Friedrichs scheme for the 1D advection equation
May 2023
This paper examines truncation and round-off errors in the numerical solution of the 1D advection equation with the Lax–Friedrichs scheme, and accumulation of the errors as they are propagated to high...
A novel deep learning-based framework for five‐day regional weather forecasting
January 2026
Deep learning-based methods have become alternatives to traditional numerical weather prediction systems, offering faster computation and the ability to utilize large historical datasets. However, the...
Decadal shift in Northeast China’s precipitation around 2000
January 2026
Northeast China (NEC), a critical agricultural and ecological zone, has experienced intensified hydrological variability under global warming, with cascading impacts on food security and ecosystem resilience....
More extreme-heat occurrences related to humidity in China
September 2023
The co-occurrence of day and night compound heat extremes has attracted much attention because of the amplified socioeconomic and human health impacts. Based on ERA5 hourly reanalysis data, this study...
Heat waves in summer 2022 and increasing concern regarding heat waves in general
January 2023
Image, graphical abstract...